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IELTS Writing Task 1Process DiagramBands 4.5 · 5.5 · 6.5 · 7.5STUDENT'S EDITION

How Aluminium Cans Are Recycled

Choose your band on the left → learn the stages, formulas and linkers → translate → build the Introduction, Overview, Body 1 and Body 2 → compare with the model.

The Task

The diagram below shows how aluminium cans are recycled into new cans.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

Recycling aluminium cansPhase 1: Collecting and preparing the cans (stages 1–3)Phase 2: Remaking the metal into new cans (stages 4–7)1Collecting usedcans2Shredding↗ small pieces3Removing thecoatingabout 500°C↗ paint, plastic coating4Melting in afurnaceabout 750°C5Casting ingots*6Rolling intosheets↗ thin aluminium sheets7New cans to shops↗ new cansAluminium canrecycling*ingot: a large solid block of metal. Temperatures are illustrative.
← swipe to see the whole diagram →
How to use this lesson: choose a band in the Band Standard bar (left; on a phone, at the top). Every step then shows sentences, exercises and the model for that band. Start at your current band, then try the next one up.

1How many stages? Name them.

The diagram has 7 stages. It is a man-made process shown as a cycle: used cans are shredded and cleaned, the metal is melted and rolled, and new cans go back to the shops.

Phase 1 – Collecting and preparing the cans (Stages 1–3)

  1. 1
    CollectionUsed cans are collected and taken to a recycling plant.
  2. 2
    ShreddingThe cans are shredded into small pieces.
  3. 3
    Removing the coatingThe pieces are heated to remove the paint and plastic coating.

Phase 2 – Remaking the metal into new cans (Stages 4–7)

  1. 4
    MeltingThe clean aluminium is melted in a furnace.
  2. 5
    Making ingotsThe liquid metal is poured into moulds and cools into ingots.
  3. 6
    Rolling into sheetsThe ingots are rolled into thin sheets.
  4. 7
    New cansSheets are made into new cans, which are filled and sold in shops.
The diagram does not label the phases. This lesson divides the cycle into collecting and preparing the cans (stages 1–3) and remaking the metal into new cans (stages 4–7).

3Sentence Formulas

The structure behind each Band 6.5 sentence. Change the band on the left to see another level.

LinkerSubjectVerbObject / Place / ResultTime / Purpose
StageBand 4.5 formula
1 CollectionFirst + adj + N + are + V3 + from + N
2 ShreddingNext + N + are + V3 + into + adj + N + by + N
3 Removing the coatingThen + N + are + V3 + to about + temperature + to + V + N
4 MeltingIn the second part + adj + N + are + V3 + in + N + at about + temperature
5 Making ingotsAfter that + adj + N + is + V3 + into + N + to make + adj + N
6 Rolling into sheetsNext + N + are + V3 + into + adj + N + by + N
7 New cansFinally + adj + N + are + V3 + from + N + and + V3 + to + N
StageBand 5.5 formula
1 CollectionTo begin with + adj + N + are + V3 + and + V3 + to + N
2 ShreddingAfter that + N + are + V3 + into + adj + N + by + N
3 Removing the coatingNext + N + are + V3 + to about + temperature + to + V + N and adj + N
4 MeltingIn the second stage + adj + N + is + V3 + in + N + at about + temperature
5 Making ingotsThen + adj + N + is + V3 + into + N + and + V3 + into + adj + N + called + N
6 Rolling into sheetsAfter this + N + are + V3 + into + adj + N + of + N
7 New cansFinally + N + are + V3 + into + adj + N, which + are then + V3 and V3 + to + N
StageBand 6.5 formula
1 CollectionThe process begins when + adj + N + are + V3 + from + N + and + V3 + to + N
2 ShreddingFollowing this + N + are + V3 + into + N, which + cuts + them + into + adj + N
3 Removing the coatingOnce + V3 + N + are + V3 + to approximately + temperature, which + burns off + N and adj + N
4 MeltingTurning to the second phase + adj + N + is + V3 + in + N + at a temperature of around + number
5 Making ingotsNext + adj + N + is + V3 + into + N, where + it + cools and hardens into + N
6 Rolling into sheetsAfter this + N + are + V3 + through + N, which + flatten + them + into + adj + N
7 New cansIn the final stage + adj + N + are + V3 + from + N, V3 + with + N + and + V3 + in + N, so + the cycle + begins again
StageBand 7.5 formula
1 CollectionThe process commences with + the + N + of + adj + N, which + are then + V3 + to + N
2 ShreddingSubsequently + N + are + adverb + V3, reducing them to + adj + N
3 Removing the coatingNext + N + are + V3 + to around + temperature + in order to + V + away + their + N and adj + N
4 MeltingTurning to the second phase + adj + N + is + phrasal V3 + in + N + at roughly + temperature
5 Making ingotsSubsequently + the + adj + N + is + V3 + into + N, appositive: adj + adj + N + of + N
6 Rolling into sheetsFollowing this + N + are + V3 + into + adj + N, ready to be + V3 + into + N
7 New cansIn the final stage + N + are + V3 + into + adj + N, which + are + V3 and V3 + to + N, thereby + V-ing + N

4Linkers – Sequencing Words & Transitions

Use a different linker for each stage – never “Then … Then … Then”. These are the linkers for Band 6.5.

Beginning

  • First

Next step

  • Next
  • Then
  • After that

Ending

  • Finally

Joining

  • … and + V3 (are taken out and put …)
  • to + V (to make)

Beginning

  • To begin with
  • First of all

Next step

  • After that / After this
  • Next
  • Then

Change of place / phase

  • In the second stage, …
  • In the factory, …

Ending

  • Finally

Joining

  • …, and then …
  • … called + N

Beginning

  • The process begins when …
  • The process begins with + N

Next step

  • Following this
  • Subsequently
  • Next

Time clauses

  • Once + adj (Once dry, …)
  • After + N (After fermentation, …)

Inside a stage

  • …, where + clause
  • …, which + verb
  • … known as + N
  • …, a stage which lasts …

Change of phase

  • Turning to the … stage, …

Ending

  • In the final stage

Beginning

  • The process commences with + the + N of + N

Time

  • Once + V3 (Once extracted, …)
  • Following + N (Following roasting, …)

Next step

  • Subsequently
  • To complete the … phase, …

Result phrases

  • …, leaving only + N
  • …, producing + N
  • …, resulting in + N

Naming

  • … referred to as + N
  • … ranging from X to Y

Ending

  • In the final stage
  • … culminating in + N

5Translation Practice – Vietnamese → English

Translate each sentence into English. The word in ( ) is the key word you must use. Check the Tense note, write your answer, then press Show answer.

🔒 The answers in Step 5 are locked. Enter Password 1 from your teacher:

Band 4.5 – 7 sentences

1

Đầu tiên, lon nước đã qua sử dụng được thu gom (collected) từ thùng tái chế.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are collected
2

Tiếp theo, lon được máy cắt (cut) thành những mảnh nhỏ.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are cut
3

Sau đó, các mảnh được nung nóng đến khoảng 500°C để loại bỏ lớp sơn (paint).

Hiện tại đơn bị động + to V (mục đích)
4

Ở phần thứ hai, các mảnh sạch được nấu chảy (melted) trong lò ở khoảng 750°C.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are melted
5

Sau đó, kim loại lỏng được đổ (poured) vào khuôn để làm những khối lớn.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + to V (mục đích)
6

Tiếp theo, các khối được trục lăn làm thành (made into) những tấm mỏng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are made into
7

Cuối cùng, lon mới được làm (made) từ các tấm nhôm và gửi đến cửa hàng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are made, (are) sent

Band 5.5 – 7 sentences

1

Trước tiên, lon nhôm (aluminium) đã qua sử dụng được thu gom và đưa đến nhà máy tái chế.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are collected, (are) taken
2

Sau đó, lon được máy cắt vụn (shredded) thành những mảnh nhỏ.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are shredded
3

Tiếp theo, các mảnh được nung đến khoảng 500°C để loại bỏ sơn và lớp phủ (coating) nhựa.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + to V (mục đích)
4

Ở giai đoạn thứ hai, nhôm sạch được nấu chảy trong lò (furnace) ở khoảng 750°C.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: is melted
5

Sau đó, nhôm lỏng được đổ vào khuôn và làm nguội thành những khối lớn gọi là thỏi (ingots).

Hiện tại đơn bị động + called + N
6

Sau bước này, các thỏi được cán (rolled) thành những tấm nhôm mỏng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are rolled
7

Cuối cùng, các tấm được làm thành lon mới, những lon này sau đó được rót đầy (filled) và gửi đến cửa hàng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề which (bị động)

Band 6.5 – 7 sentences

1

Quá trình bắt đầu khi lon nhôm cũ được gom từ thùng tái chế và chuyển đến (delivered to) nhà máy tái chế.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề when
2

Tiếp theo đó, lon được đưa vào máy cắt vụn (shredder), máy này cắt chúng thành những mảnh nhỏ.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề which (chủ động)
3

Một khi đã được cắt vụn, các mảnh được nung đến khoảng 500°C, việc này đốt sạch (burns off) sơn và lớp phủ nhựa.

Once + V3 + Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề which
4

Chuyển sang giai đoạn thứ hai, nhôm sạch được nấu chảy trong lò ở nhiệt độ (temperature) khoảng 750°C.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: is melted
5

Tiếp theo, kim loại nóng chảy được đổ vào khuôn, nơi nó nguội và đông cứng (hardens) thành thỏi.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề where (chủ động)
6

Sau bước này, các thỏi được cho qua trục lăn, các trục này cán phẳng (flatten) chúng thành tấm mỏng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề which (chủ động)
7

Ở giai đoạn cuối, lon mới được sản xuất (produced) từ các tấm nhôm, rót đầy đồ uống và bán ở cửa hàng, vì vậy chu trình bắt đầu lại.

Hiện tại đơn bị động (3 động từ) + so

Band 7.5 – 7 sentences

1

Quá trình bắt đầu với việc thu gom lon nhôm cũ, sau đó chúng được chuyển (delivered) đến nhà máy tái chế.

Danh từ hoá + mệnh đề which (bị động)
2

Sau đó, lon được cắt vụn bằng máy, biến chúng thành (reducing them to) những mảnh nhỏ.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + V-ing chỉ kết quả
3

Tiếp theo, các mảnh vụn được nung đến khoảng 500°C để bóc bỏ (strip away) lớp sơn và lớp phủ nhựa.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + in order to V
4

Chuyển sang giai đoạn thứ hai, nhôm sạch được nấu chảy (melted down) trong lò ở khoảng 750°C.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: is melted down
5

Sau đó, kim loại nóng chảy được đúc (cast) thành thỏi, những khối nhôm rắn lớn.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + cụm đồng vị
6

Tiếp theo đó, các thỏi được cán thành tấm mỏng, sẵn sàng (ready) để tạo hình thành lon.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + ready to be V3
7

Ở giai đoạn cuối, các tấm được tạo hình (shaped) thành lon mới, những lon này được rót đầy và đưa trở lại cửa hàng, qua đó hoàn thành chu trình.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề which + thereby V-ing

6Linker Practice

Part A: drag (or tap) the linkers into the gaps. Part B: translate using the linker in ( ).

Part A – Band 4.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Computer: drag a linker into a gap. Phone: tap a linker, then tap a gap. Tap a filled gap to empty it.

  1. , used drink cans are collected.
  2. Cans are collected recycling bins.
  3. , the cans are cut into small pieces.
  4. The pieces are heated take off the paint.
  5. the second part, the pieces are melted.
  6. The liquid metal is poured moulds.
  7. , the blocks are made into thin sheets.
  8. , new cans are made and sent to shops.

Part B – Translate with Band 4.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Use the linker in ( ) and follow the Tense note.

1

Đầu tiên (First), lon cũ được thu gom.

Hiện tại đơn bị động
First, used cans are collected.
2

Tiếp theo (Next), lon được cắt thành mảnh nhỏ.

Hiện tại đơn bị động
Next, the cans are cut into small pieces.
3

Sau đó (Then), các mảnh được nung nóng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động
Then, the pieces are heated.
4

Sau đó (After that), kim loại lỏng được đổ vào khuôn.

Hiện tại đơn bị động
After that, the liquid metal is poured into moulds.
5

Cuối cùng (Finally), lon mới được gửi đến cửa hàng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động
Finally, new cans are sent to shops.

Part A – Band 5.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Computer: drag a linker into a gap. Phone: tap a linker, then tap a gap. Tap a filled gap to empty it.

  1. , used aluminium cans are collected.
  2. The cans are collected taken to a recycling plant.
  3. that, the cans are shredded.
  4. The pieces are heated remove the paint.
  5. the second stage, the aluminium is melted.
  6. The metal is cooled into large blocks ingots.
  7. The sheets are made into cans, are then filled.
  8. , the sheets are made into new cans.

Part B – Translate with Band 5.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Use the linker in ( ) and follow the Tense note.

1

Trước tiên (To begin with), lon nhôm cũ được thu gom.

Hiện tại đơn bị động
To begin with, used aluminium cans are collected.
2

Sau đó (After that), lon được cắt vụn bằng máy.

Hiện tại đơn bị động
After that, the cans are shredded by a machine.
3

Ở giai đoạn thứ hai (In the second stage), nhôm được nấu chảy.

Hiện tại đơn bị động
In the second stage, the aluminium is melted.
4

Nhôm lỏng được làm nguội thành khối gọi là (called) thỏi.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + called + N
The liquid aluminium is cooled into blocks called ingots.
5

Các tấm được làm thành lon, những lon này (which) sau đó được rót đầy.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề which
The sheets are made into cans, which are then filled.

Part A – Band 6.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Computer: drag a linker into a gap. Phone: tap a linker, then tap a gap. Tap a filled gap to empty it.

  1. The process begins used cans are gathered from bins.
  2. The cans are fed into a shredder, cuts them into pieces.
  3. shredded, the pieces are heated to 500°C.
  4. the second phase, the aluminium is melted.
  5. The metal is poured into moulds, it hardens into ingots.
  6. The ingots are passed rollers.
  7. New cans are sold, the cycle begins again.
  8. , new cans are produced from the sheets.

Part B – Translate with Band 6.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Use the linker in ( ) and follow the Tense note.

1

Quá trình bắt đầu khi (when) lon cũ được gom từ thùng.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + mệnh đề when (bị động)
The process begins when used cans are gathered from bins.
2

Một khi (Once) đã được cắt vụn, các mảnh được nung nóng.

Once + V3 + Hiện tại đơn bị động
Once shredded, the pieces are heated.
3

Chuyển sang (Turning to) giai đoạn thứ hai, nhôm được nấu chảy.

Hiện tại đơn bị động
Turning to the second phase, the aluminium is melted.
4

Kim loại được đổ vào khuôn, nơi mà (where) nó đông cứng thành thỏi.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề where
The metal is poured into moulds, where it hardens into ingots.
5

Lon mới được bán ở cửa hàng, vì vậy (so) chu trình bắt đầu lại.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + so
New cans are sold in shops, so the cycle begins again.

Part A – Band 7.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Computer: drag a linker into a gap. Phone: tap a linker, then tap a gap. Tap a filled gap to empty it.

  1. The process commences the collection of used cans.
  2. , the cans are mechanically shredded.
  3. The cans are shredded, them to small fragments.
  4. The fragments are heated in order to away the coating.
  5. The aluminium is down in a furnace.
  6. The molten metal is into ingots.
  7. The sheets are ready to be into cans.
  8. The cans return to shops, completing the cycle.

Part B – Translate with Band 7.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Use the linker in ( ) and follow the Tense note.

1

Quá trình bắt đầu với (commences with) việc thu gom lon nhôm cũ.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + danh từ hoá
The process commences with the collection of used aluminium cans.
2

Sau đó (Subsequently), lon được cắt vụn bằng máy.

Hiện tại đơn bị động
Subsequently, the cans are mechanically shredded.
3

Lon được cắt vụn, biến (reducing) chúng thành những mảnh nhỏ.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + V-ing chỉ kết quả
The cans are shredded, reducing them to small fragments.
4

Các thỏi được cán thành tấm, sẵn sàng (ready) để tạo hình thành lon.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + ready to be V3
The ingots are rolled into sheets, ready to be shaped into cans.
5

Lon mới quay lại cửa hàng, qua đó (thereby) hoàn thành chu trình.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + thereby V-ing
New cans return to shops, thereby completing the cycle.

7Introduction – Paraphrasing the Task

Paraphrase the task sentence. The column of your band is highlighted.

Task wordsBand 4.5Band 5.5Band 6.5Band 7.5
The diagram below showsThe diagram showsThe diagram illustratesThe diagram illustratesThe given diagram depicts
how aluminium cans are recycledhow used aluminium cans are recycledhow used aluminium cans are recycledhow used aluminium cans are recycledthe process by which used aluminium cans are recycled
into new cansto make new cans for shopsto the production of new onesending with the production of new cansto the manufacture of new cans for sale
Tip: “aluminium cans” must be kept (British spelling: aluminium). Paraphrase “into new cans” with nominalisation (the production of new ones, the manufacture of new cans).
Sample Introduction – Band 4.5

The diagram shows how used aluminium cans are recycled, from collecting old cans to making new cans for shops.

Band 4.5: copies the task words and adds a simple from … to … phrase.

Sample Introduction – Band 5.5

The diagram illustrates how used aluminium cans are recycled, from the collection of old cans to the production of new ones.

Band 5.5: a common reporting verb (illustrates), a how-clause and nominal phrases (the collection of, the production of).

Sample Introduction – Band 6.5

The diagram illustrates how used aluminium cans are recycled, starting with their collection from recycling bins and ending with the production of new cans.

Band 6.5: a passive how-clause and a participle phrase (starting with … and ending with …) with nominal phrases.

Sample Introduction – Band 7.5

The given diagram depicts the process by which used aluminium cans are recycled, from their collection to the manufacture of new cans for sale.

Band 7.5: precise verb (depicts), a by-which clause and nominalisation (their collection, the manufacture of).

Template for students

The diagram shows / illustrates / depicts how used aluminium cans are recycled / the process by which aluminium cans are recycled, from their collection to the production of new cans.

8Overview

An overview gives the number of stages and the start and end; higher bands add the two main phases in more precise language. No details (no “500°C”, “750°C”, “paint”, “ingots” or “sheets”).

Band 4.5 formula

Overall, there are number steps in this process. It starts with V-ing / N and finishes with V-ing / N.
Example – Band 4.5

Overall, there are seven steps in this process. It starts with collecting used cans and finishes with making new cans, so it is a cycle.

Why Band 4.5: Two short simple sentences, basic words (steps, starts, finishes), no phases.

Band 5.5 formula

Overall, there are number stages in the process. The first number stages happen place / phase A, and the last number happen place / phase B. The process begins with V-ing and ends with the + N of + N.
Example – Band 5.5

Overall, there are seven stages in the process. The first three stages collect and prepare the cans, and the last four turn the metal into new cans. The process begins with collecting used cans and ends with new cans being sent to shops, so it is a cyclical process.

Why Band 5.5: Names the two parts in simple words; begins with … ends with …; no numbers or details.

Band 6.5 formula

Overall, there are number stages in the process, which can be divided into two main phases: A and B. The process begins with the + N of + N and ends with the + N of + N.
Example – Band 6.5

Overall, there are seven stages in the process, which can be divided into two main phases: collecting and preparing the cans, and remaking the metal into new cans. The process begins with the collection of used cans and ends with the sale of new cans in shops, so it is a cyclical process.

Why Band 6.5: A which-clause divides the stages into two phases; nominal phrases (the harvesting of, the production of).

Band 7.5 formula

Overall, the process comprises number + distinct stages, which fall into two main phases – A and B – commencing with the + N of + N and culminating in the + N of + N.
Example – Band 7.5

Overall, the process comprises seven distinct stages, which fall into two main phases – the collection and preparation of scrap cans and the remanufacture of the metal – commencing with the collection of used cans and culminating in the return of new cans to shops, from where the cycle repeats.

Why Band 7.5: comprises · distinct · fall into · dashes for the phases · commencing with … culminating in … in ONE sentence.

9Writing Practice

Essay plan: Introduction → Overview → Body 1: Stages 1–3 (Collecting and preparing the cans) → Body 2: Stages 4–7 (Remaking the metal into new cans). Your writing is saved on this device.

Exercise 1 – Match the paraphrase

Choose the best synonym for each word from the task.

  1. shows →
  2. recycled →
  3. cans →
  4. new cans →
  5. below →

Exercise 2 – Choose the best Overview

Which sentence is a good overview?

Why? A gives numbers – these belong in the Body. C is an opinion and adds information that is not in the diagram. B gives the number of stages, the two phases, the start and end, and says it is cyclical.

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 4.5)

Type ONE word in each gap. Look at the diagram for the details.

First, used drink cans are from recycling bins. Next, the cans are cut into small by a machine. Then, the pieces are to about °C to take off the .

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 4.5)

Choose 1–4 for each sentence.

Next, the blocks are made into thin sheets by rollers.
After that, the liquid metal is poured into moulds to make big blocks.
Finally, new cans are made from the sheets and sent to shops, so the cycle starts again.
In the second part, the clean pieces are melted in a furnace at about 750°C.

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 5.5)

Type ONE word in each gap. Look at the diagram for the details.

To begin with, used cans are collected and taken to a recycling . After that, the cans are into small pieces by a machine. Next, the pieces are heated to about 500°C to the paint and plastic .

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 5.5)

Choose 1–4 for each sentence.

In the second stage, the clean aluminium is melted in a furnace at about 750°C.
Then, the liquid aluminium is poured into moulds and cooled into large blocks called ingots.
Finally, the sheets are made into new cans, which are then filled and sent to shops.
After this, the ingots are rolled into thin sheets of aluminium.

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 6.5)

Type ONE word in each gap. Look at the diagram for the details.

The process begins used aluminium cans are gathered from recycling bins and delivered to a recycling plant. Following this, the cans are fed into a , which cuts them into small pieces. shredded, the pieces are heated to approximately °C, which burns the paint and plastic coating.

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 6.5)

Choose 1–4 for each sentence.

In the final stage, new cans are produced from the sheets, filled with drinks and sold in shops, so the cycle begins again.
Next, the molten metal is poured into moulds, where it cools and hardens into ingots.
After this, the ingots are passed through rollers, which flatten them into thin sheets.
Turning to the second phase, the clean aluminium is melted in a furnace at a temperature of around 750°C.

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 7.5)

Type ONE word in each gap. Look at the diagram for the details.

The process commences with the of used aluminium cans, which are then delivered to a recycling plant. Subsequently, the cans are shredded, reducing them to small . Next, the fragments are heated to around 500°C in order to away their paint and plastic .

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 7.5)

Choose 1–4 for each sentence.

Following this, the ingots are rolled into thin sheets, ready to be shaped into cans.
Turning to the second phase, the clean aluminium is melted down in a furnace at roughly 750°C.
Subsequently, the molten metal is cast into ingots, large solid blocks of aluminium.
In the final stage, the sheets are shaped into new cans, which are filled and returned to shops, thereby completing the cycle.

Write your essay – paragraph by paragraph

Use the Band 6.5 formulas, linkers and samples from Steps 3–8. Check the Band Standard on the left before you write.

Exercise 5 – Introduction

One sentence. Paraphrase the task (Step 7).

Words: 0 (about 20–30 words)

Exercise 6 – Overview

Use the formula for your band (Step 8).

Words: 0 (about 25–45 words)

Exercise 7 – Body 1 (Stages 1–3)

Write the stages in order with a different linker for each.

Words: 0 (about 55–75 words)

Exercise 8 – Body 2 (Stages 4–7)

Start with a phase change (In the factory / Turning to …).

Words: 0 (about 50–70 words)

Exercise 9 – Your full essay

Press “Collect my paragraphs”, then edit them into one essay and compare with the model.

Words: 0 (minimum 150)

Model Answer 6.5

Write your own essay first, then compare. Highlighted = key collocations to learn.

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