Cheese Making – STUDENT'S EDITION

The Task

The diagram below shows the process of making cheese, from collecting milk to selling the finished cheese.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

← swipe to see the whole diagram →

How to use this lesson: choose a band in the Band Standard bar (left; on a phone, at the top). Every step then shows sentences, exercises and the model for that band. Start at your current band, then try the next one up.

1How many stages? Name them.

The diagram has 8 stages. It is a man-made process shown as a linear sequence – from collecting milk to selling the finished cheese in shops.

Phase 1 – Turning milk into curds (Stages 1–4)

1
Collecting milkFresh milk is collected from dairy cows.
2
PasteurisingThe milk is heated to 72°C for 15 seconds.
3
Adding cultures and rennetThe milk goes into a large vat, and cultures and rennet are added.
4
Forming curdsThe milk thickens into solid curds in liquid whey.

Phase 2 – Turning curds into cheese (Stages 5–8)

5
Draining the wheyThe liquid whey is drained away from the curds.
6
Pressing into mouldsThe curds are pressed into moulds.
7
RipeningThe cheese is stored to ripen for 2–12 months.
8
SellingThe finished cheese is sold in shops.

The diagram does not label the phases. This lesson divides the process into making curds from milk (stages 1–4) and making and selling the cheese (stages 5–8).

3Sentence Formulas

The structure behind each Band 6.5 sentence. Change the band on the left to see another level.

LinkerSubjectVerbObject / Place / ResultTime / Purpose

Stage	Band 4.5 formula
1 Collecting milk	First + N + is + V3 + from + N
2 Pasteurising	Next + N + is + V3 + to + temperature + for + time
3 Adding cultures and rennet	Then + N and N + are + V3 + to + N
4 Forming curds	After that + N + becomes + adj, and + N + are + V3 + in + time
5 Draining the whey	Next + N + is + V3 + away + from + N
6 Pressing into moulds	Then + N + are + V3 + into + N + and + V3
7 Ripening	After that + N + is + V3 + in + N + for + time
8 Selling	Finally + N + is + V3 + in + N

Stage	Band 5.5 formula
1 Collecting milk	To begin with + adj + N + is + V3 + from + adj + N
2 Pasteurising	After that + N + is + V3 + at + temperature + for + time + to + V (purpose)
3 Adding cultures and rennet	Next + N + is + V3 + into + adj + N, and + N and N + are + V3
4 Forming curds	Then + N + is + V3 + for + time + until + it + becomes + adj + and + N + V
5 Draining the whey	In the second stage + N + is + V3 + from + N
6 Pressing into moulds	After this + N + are + V3 + in + N + and + V3 + into + N
7 Ripening	Then + N + is + V3 + for + time + to + V (purpose)
8 Selling	Finally + adj + N + is + V3 + to + N + and + V3

Stage	Band 6.5 formula
1 Collecting milk	The process begins when + adj + N + is + precise V3 + from + adj + N
2 Pasteurising	Following this + N + is + V3, which means + it + is + V3 + to + temperature + for + time + to + V + adj + N
3 Adding cultures and rennet	Next + N + is + precise V3 + to + adj + N, where + N and N + are + V3
4 Forming curds	After + time + N + thickens + and separates into + adj + N and adj + N
5 Draining the whey	Turning to the second phase + N + is + phrasal V3 + so that + only + N + remain
6 Pressing into moulds	Next + N + are + V3 + into + N, where + they + are + V3 + into + adj + N
7 Ripening	Following this + N + are left to + V + in + N + for a period of + time
8 Selling	In the final stage + adj + N + is + V3 + to + N, where + it + is + V3

Stage	Band 7.5 formula
1 Collecting milk	The process commences with + the + N + of + adj + N + from + N
2 Pasteurising	Subsequently + N + is + V3 + at + temperature + for + time, a step that + V + adj + N
3 Adding cultures and rennet	Following + N + N + is + V3 + to + N + and + V3 + with + N and N
4 Forming curds	Within + time + N + sets, causing + N + to V + in + N
5 Draining the whey	Turning to the second phase + N + is + phrasal V3, leaving behind + a mass of + N
6 Pressing into moulds	Subsequently + N + are + precise V3 + in + N, giving + N + its + N
7 Ripening	Following this + N + are + precise V3 + in + N + for anywhere between X and Y
8 Selling	In the final stage + the + adverb + adj + N + is + V3 + to + N + for + N

4Linkers – Sequencing Words & Transitions

Use a different linker for each stage – never “Then … Then … Then”. These are the linkers for Band 6.5.

Beginning

First

Next step

Next
Then
After that

Ending

Finally

Joining

… and + V3 (are taken out and put …)
to + V (to make)

Beginning

To begin with
First of all

Next step

After that / After this
Next
Then

Change of place / phase

In the second stage, …
In the factory, …

Ending

Finally

Joining

…, and then …
… called + N

Beginning

The process begins when …
The process begins with + N

Next step

Following this
Subsequently
Next

Time clauses

Once + adj (Once dry, …)
After + N (After fermentation, …)

Inside a stage

…, where + clause
…, which + verb
… known as + N
…, a stage which lasts …

Change of phase

Turning to the … stage, …

Ending

In the final stage

Beginning

The process commences with + the + N of + N

Time

Once + V3 (Once extracted, …)
Following + N (Following roasting, …)

Next step

Subsequently
To complete the … phase, …

Result phrases

…, leaving only + N
…, producing + N
…, resulting in + N

Naming

… referred to as + N
… ranging from X to Y

Ending

In the final stage
… culminating in + N

5Translation Practice – Vietnamese → English

Translate each sentence into English. The word in ( ) is the key word you must use. Check the Tense note, write your answer, then press Show answer.

🔒 The answers in Step 5 are locked. Enter Password 1 from your teacher:

Band 4.5 – 8 sentences

1

Đầu tiên, sữa được thu gom (collected) từ những con bò.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: is collected

2

Tiếp theo, sữa được đun nóng (heated) đến 72°C trong 15 giây.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: is heated

3

Sau đó, men (cultures) và chất làm đông được thêm vào sữa.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are added

4

Sau đó, sữa trở nên đặc và các cục sữa đông (curds) được tạo ra trong 30 đến 60 phút.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động (becomes) + bị động (are made)

5

Tiếp theo, phần chất lỏng được lấy ra (taken away) khỏi sữa đông.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: is taken away

6

Sau đó, sữa đông được cho vào khuôn (moulds) và ép lại.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are put, (are) pressed

7

Sau đó, phô mai được giữ (kept) trong kho từ 2 đến 12 tháng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: is kept

8

Cuối cùng, phô mai được bán (sold) ở cửa hàng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: is sold

Band 5.5 – 8 sentences

1

Trước tiên, sữa tươi được thu gom từ bò sữa (dairy cows).

Hiện tại đơn bị động: is collected

2

Sau đó, sữa được tiệt trùng (pasteurised) ở 72°C trong 15 giây để diệt vi khuẩn.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + to V (mục đích)

3

Tiếp theo, sữa được cho vào một bồn lớn, và men cùng chất làm đông (rennet) được thêm vào.

Hiện tại đơn bị động (2 vế nối bằng and)

4

Sau đó, sữa được để yên từ 30 đến 60 phút cho đến khi (until) nó đặc lại và hình thành các cục sữa đông.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + until + Hiện tại đơn chủ động

5

Ở giai đoạn thứ hai, nước whey được chắt (drained) ra khỏi sữa đông.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: is drained

6

Sau bước này, sữa đông được đặt vào khuôn và ép thành khối (blocks).

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are placed, (are) pressed

7

Sau đó, phô mai được lưu kho từ 2 đến 12 tháng để chín (ripen).

Hiện tại đơn bị động + to V (mục đích)

8

Cuối cùng, phô mai thành phẩm được gửi đến (sent to) cửa hàng và bán ra.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: is sent, (is) sold

Band 6.5 – 8 sentences

1

Quá trình bắt đầu khi sữa tươi được lấy (obtained) từ bò sữa.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề when

2

Tiếp theo đó, sữa được tiệt trùng, nghĩa là được đun nóng đến 72°C trong 15 giây để tiêu diệt (destroy) vi khuẩn có hại.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + which means + to V (mục đích)

3

Tiếp theo, sữa được chuyển sang một thùng lớn (vat), nơi men và chất làm đông được thêm vào.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề where

4

Sau 30 đến 60 phút, sữa đặc lại (thickens) và tách thành sữa đông rắn và nước whey.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động (quá trình tự diễn ra): thickens, separates

5

Chuyển sang giai đoạn thứ hai, nước whey được chắt ra để (so that) chỉ còn lại sữa đông.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + so that + Hiện tại đơn

6

Tiếp theo, sữa đông được nén vào khuôn, nơi (where) chúng được ép thành khối rắn.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề where

7

Tiếp theo đó, các khối phô mai được để ủ chín (ripen) trong kho trong khoảng 2 đến 12 tháng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are left to V

8

Ở giai đoạn cuối, phô mai đã chín được giao (delivered) đến cửa hàng, nơi nó được bán ra.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề where

Band 7.5 – 8 sentences

1

Quá trình bắt đầu với việc thu gom sữa tươi từ các đàn bò sữa (dairy herds).

Danh từ hoá: the collection of + N

2

Sau đó, sữa được tiệt trùng ở 72°C trong 15 giây, một bước giúp loại bỏ (eliminates) vi khuẩn có hại.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + cụm danh từ tóm tắt (a step that …)

3

Sau khi tiệt trùng, sữa được chuyển sang thùng và kết hợp (combined) với men và chất làm đông.

Following + danh từ + Hiện tại đơn bị động (2 động từ)

4

Trong vòng 30 đến 60 phút, hỗn hợp đông lại (sets), khiến các cục sữa đông rắn hình thành trong nước whey.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + causing + O + to V (kết quả)

5

Chuyển sang giai đoạn thứ hai, nước whey được chắt ra, để lại (leaving behind) một khối sữa đông.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + V-ing chỉ kết quả

6

Sau đó, sữa đông được nén (compressed) trong khuôn, tạo hình cho miếng phô mai.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + V-ing chỉ kết quả

7

Tiếp theo đó, các khối phô mai được ủ chín (matured) trong kho từ hai đến mười hai tháng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are matured

8

Ở giai đoạn cuối, phô mai đã ủ chín hoàn toàn được phân phối (distributed) đến các nhà bán lẻ để bán.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: is distributed

6Linker Practice

Part A: drag (or tap) the linkers into the gaps. Part B: translate using the linker in ( ).

Part A – Band 4.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Computer: drag a linker into a gap. Phone: tap a linker, then tap a gap. Tap a filled gap to empty it.

, milk is collected from cows.
The milk is heated 72°C for 15 seconds.
, cultures and rennet are added to the milk.
The milk becomes thick, curds are made.
, the curds are put into moulds.
, the cheese is kept in a store.
The cheese is kept in a store 2 to 12 months.
, the cheese is sold in shops.

Part B – Translate with Band 4.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Use the linker in ( ) and follow the Tense note.

1

Đầu tiên (First), sữa được thu gom từ bò.

Hiện tại đơn bị động

First, milk is collected from cows.

2

Tiếp theo (Next), sữa được đun nóng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động

Next, the milk is heated.

3

Sau đó (Then), men và chất làm đông được thêm vào.

Hiện tại đơn bị động

Then, cultures and rennet are added.

4

Sau đó (After that), sữa đông được cho vào khuôn.

Hiện tại đơn bị động

After that, the curds are put into moulds.

5

Cuối cùng (Finally), phô mai được bán ở cửa hàng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động

Finally, the cheese is sold in shops.

Part A – Band 5.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Computer: drag a linker into a gap. Phone: tap a linker, then tap a gap. Tap a filled gap to empty it.

, fresh milk is collected from dairy cows.
The milk is pasteurised kill bacteria.
The milk is put into a tank, cultures and rennet are added.
The milk is left it becomes thick.
the second stage, the whey is drained.
this, the curds are placed in moulds.
The cheese is stored 2 to 12 months.
, the finished cheese is sent to shops.

Part B – Translate with Band 5.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Use the linker in ( ) and follow the Tense note.

1

Trước tiên (To begin with), sữa tươi được thu gom từ bò sữa.

Hiện tại đơn bị động

To begin with, fresh milk is collected from dairy cows.

2

Sữa được để yên cho đến khi (until) nó đặc lại.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + until + Hiện tại đơn

The milk is left until it becomes thick.

3

Ở giai đoạn thứ hai (In the second stage), nước whey được chắt ra.

Hiện tại đơn bị động

In the second stage, the whey is drained.

4

Sau bước này (After this), sữa đông được cho vào khuôn.

Hiện tại đơn bị động

After this, the curds are placed in moulds.

5

Phô mai được lưu kho để (to) chín.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + to V (mục đích)

The cheese is stored to ripen.

Part A – Band 6.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Computer: drag a linker into a gap. Phone: tap a linker, then tap a gap. Tap a filled gap to empty it.

The process begins fresh milk is obtained from cows.
The milk is pasteurised, means it is heated to 72°C.
The milk is moved to a vat, cultures and rennet are added.
30 to 60 minutes, the milk thickens.
the second phase, the whey is drained off.
The whey is drained off that only the curds remain.
The blocks are left to ripen a period of 2 to 12 months.
, the cheese is delivered to shops.

Part B – Translate with Band 6.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Use the linker in ( ) and follow the Tense note.

1

Quá trình bắt đầu khi (when) sữa tươi được lấy từ bò.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + mệnh đề when (bị động)

The process begins when fresh milk is obtained from cows.

2

Sữa được tiệt trùng, điều đó nghĩa là (which means) nó được đun nóng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + which means

The milk is pasteurised, which means it is heated.

3

Sữa được chuyển sang thùng, nơi mà (where) men được thêm vào.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề where

The milk is transferred to a vat, where cultures are added.

4

Chuyển sang (Turning to) giai đoạn thứ hai, nước whey được chắt ra.

Hiện tại đơn bị động

Turning to the second phase, the whey is drained off.

5

Nước whey được chắt ra để (so that) chỉ còn lại sữa đông.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + so that

The whey is drained off so that only the curds remain.

Part A – Band 7.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Computer: drag a linker into a gap. Phone: tap a linker, then tap a gap. Tap a filled gap to empty it.

The process commences the collection of fresh milk.
pasteurisation, the milk is transferred to a vat.
The mixture sets, solid curds to form.
The whey is drained off, behind a mass of curds.
, the curds are compressed in moulds.
The curds are compressed in moulds, the cheese its shape.
The blocks are matured for between two and twelve months.
The cheese is distributed to retailers sale.

Part B – Translate with Band 7.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Use the linker in ( ) and follow the Tense note.

1

Quá trình bắt đầu với (commences with) việc thu gom sữa tươi.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + danh từ hoá

The process commences with the collection of fresh milk.

2

Sau khi tiệt trùng (Following pasteurisation), sữa được chuyển sang thùng.

Following + N + Hiện tại đơn bị động

Following pasteurisation, the milk is transferred to a vat.

3

Hỗn hợp đông lại, khiến (causing) sữa đông hình thành.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + causing + O + to V

The mixture sets, causing curds to form.

4

Nước whey được chắt ra, để lại (leaving behind) một khối sữa đông.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + V-ing chỉ kết quả

The whey is drained off, leaving behind a mass of curds.

5

Quá trình gồm tám giai đoạn, kết thúc bằng (culminating in) việc bán phô mai.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + culminating in + N

The process comprises eight stages, culminating in the sale of cheese.

7Introduction – Paraphrasing the Task

Paraphrase the task sentence. The column of your band is highlighted.

Task words	Band 4.5	Band 5.5	Band 6.5	Band 7.5
The diagram below shows	The diagram shows	The diagram illustrates	The diagram illustrates	The given diagram depicts
the process of making cheese	the steps to make cheese	how cheese is made	how cheese is produced	the process by which cheese is manufactured
from collecting milk	from collecting milk	from the collection of milk	starting with the collection of milk	from the collection of fresh milk
to selling the finished cheese	to selling the cheese in shops	to the sale of the finished cheese	and ending with the sale of the cheese in shops	to the sale of the matured product

Tip: “milk” and “cheese” are the input and the output – keep them. Paraphrase the verbs instead (collecting → the collection of, selling → the sale of).

Sample Introduction – Band 4.5

The diagram shows the steps to make cheese, from collecting milk to selling the cheese in shops.

Band 4.5: clear but copies most of the task words; only small changes (the steps to make).

Sample Introduction – Band 5.5

The diagram illustrates how cheese is made, from the collection of milk to the sale of the finished cheese.

Band 5.5: a common reporting verb (illustrates), a simple how-clause and some paraphrasing (the collection of, the sale of).

Sample Introduction – Band 6.5

The diagram illustrates how cheese is produced, starting with the collection of milk and ending with the sale of the cheese in shops.

Band 6.5: a passive how-clause and a participle phrase (starting with … and ending with …) with nominal phrases.

Sample Introduction – Band 7.5

The given diagram depicts the process by which cheese is manufactured, from the collection of fresh milk to the sale of the matured product.

Band 7.5: precise verb (depicts), a by-which clause and nominalisation (the collection of, the sale of the matured product).

Template for students

The diagram shows / illustrates / depicts how cheese is made / the process by which cheese is produced, from the collection of milk to the sale of the finished cheese.

8Overview

An overview gives the number of stages and the start and end; higher bands add the two main phases in more precise language. No details (no “72°C”, “15 seconds”, “30–60 minutes”, “2–12 months”, “cultures” or “rennet”).

Band 4.5 formula

Overall, there are number steps in this process. It starts with V-ing / N and finishes with V-ing / N.

Example – Band 4.5

Overall, there are eight steps in this process. It starts with collecting milk and finishes with selling the cheese.

Why Band 4.5: Two short simple sentences, basic words (steps, starts, finishes), no phases.

Band 5.5 formula

Overall, there are number stages in the process. The first number stages happen place / phase A, and the last number happen place / phase B. The process begins with V-ing and ends with the + N of + N.

Example – Band 5.5

Overall, there are eight stages in the process. The first four stages turn milk into curds, and the last four turn the curds into cheese. The process begins with collecting milk and ends with the sale of the cheese.

Why Band 5.5: Names the two parts in simple words; begins with … ends with …; no numbers or details.

Band 6.5 formula

Overall, there are number stages in the process, which can be divided into two main phases: A and B. The process begins with the + N of + N and ends with the + N of + N.

Example – Band 6.5

Overall, there are eight stages in the process, which can be divided into two main phases: turning milk into curds and turning the curds into cheese. The process begins with the collection of milk and ends with the sale of the finished cheese.

Why Band 6.5: A which-clause divides the stages into two phases; nominal phrases (the harvesting of, the production of).

Band 7.5 formula

Overall, the process comprises number + distinct stages, which fall into two main phases – A and B – commencing with the + N of + N and culminating in the + N of + N.

Example – Band 7.5

Overall, the process comprises eight distinct stages, which fall into two main phases – the conversion of milk into curds and the transformation of curds into cheese – commencing with the collection of milk and culminating in the distribution of cheese to retailers.

Why Band 7.5: comprises · distinct · fall into · dashes for the phases · commencing with … culminating in … in ONE sentence.

9Writing Practice

Essay plan: Introduction → Overview → Body 1: Stages 1–4 (Turning milk into curds) → Body 2: Stages 5–8 (Turning curds into cheese). Your writing is saved on this device.

Exercise 1 – Match the paraphrase

Choose the best synonym for each word from the task.

shows →
making →
collecting →
selling →
below →

Exercise 2 – Choose the best Overview

Which sentence is a good overview?

A. Overall, the milk is heated to 72°C and the cheese ripens for 2 to 12 months.B. Overall, there are eight stages in two phases, from the collection of milk to the sale of the finished cheese.C. Overall, cheese is a healthy food that is popular in many countries.

Why? A gives numbers – these belong in the Body. C is an opinion – never in Task 1. B gives the number of stages, the two phases, and the start and end of the process.

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 4.5)

Type ONE word in each gap. Look at the diagram for the details.

First, milk is from cows. Next, the milk is heated to 72°C for 15 . Then, cultures and are added to the milk. After that, the milk becomes , and curds are made in 30 to minutes.

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 4.5)

Choose 1–5 for each sentence.

This is the last step of the process.

Finally, the finished cheese is sold in shops.

Then, the soft curds are put into moulds and pressed into blocks.

In the second part, the liquid (whey) is taken away from the curds.

After that, the cheese is kept in a store for 2 to 12 months to ripen.

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 5.5)

Type ONE word in each gap. Look at the diagram for the details.

To begin with, fresh milk is collected from cows. After that, the milk is at 72°C for 15 seconds to kill bacteria. Next, the milk is put into a large , and cultures and rennet are added. Then, the milk is left for 30 to 60 minutes it becomes thick and solid form.

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 5.5)

Choose 1–4 for each sentence.

After this, the curds are placed in moulds and pressed into blocks.

Then, the cheese is stored for 2 to 12 months to ripen.

Finally, the finished cheese is sent to shops and sold.

In the second stage, the whey is drained from the curds.

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 6.5)

Type ONE word in each gap. Look at the diagram for the details.

The process begins fresh milk is obtained from dairy cows. Following this, the milk is pasteurised, means it is heated to 72°C for 15 seconds to destroy harmful . Next, the milk is transferred to a large , where cultures and rennet are added. After 30 to 60 minutes, the milk and separates into solid curds and liquid whey.

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 6.5)

Choose 1–4 for each sentence.

Next, the curds are packed into moulds, where they are pressed into solid blocks.

Following this, the blocks are left to ripen in a store for a period of 2 to 12 months.

Turning to the second phase, the whey is drained off so that only the curds remain.

In the final stage, the ripe cheese is delivered to shops, where it is sold.

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 7.5)

Type ONE word in each gap. Look at the diagram for the details.

The process commences with the of fresh milk from dairy herds. Subsequently, the milk is pasteurised at 72°C for 15 seconds, a step that harmful bacteria. Following , it is transferred to a vat and combined with cultures and . Within 30 to 60 minutes, the mixture , causing solid curds to form in the liquid whey.

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 7.5)

Choose 1–4 for each sentence.

Subsequently, the curds are compressed in moulds, giving the cheese its shape.

In the final stage, the fully matured cheese is distributed to retailers for sale.

Turning to the second phase, the whey is drained off, leaving behind a mass of curds.

Following this, the blocks are matured in storage for anywhere between two and twelve months.

Write your essay – paragraph by paragraph

Use the Band 6.5 formulas, linkers and samples from Steps 3–8. Check the Band Standard on the left before you write.

Exercise 5 – Introduction

One sentence. Paraphrase the task (Step 7).

Words: 0 (about 20–30 words)

I changed the reporting verb and at least two task words.
I kept the technical words (cocoa pods, liquid chocolate).
One sentence, no numbers.

Exercise 6 – Overview

Use the formula for your band (Step 8).

Words: 0 (about 25–45 words)

I started with “Overall,”.
I gave the number of stages (and the two phases for Band 6.5+).
I named the first and last stage – no numbers or details.

Exercise 7 – Body 1 (Stages 1–4)

Write the stages in order with a different linker for each.

Words: 0 (about 55–75 words)

I covered stages 1–4 in order.
I used the passive (be + V3) correctly.
I included the times and details from the diagram.
My linkers match my band (Step 4).

Exercise 8 – Body 2 (Stages 5–8)

Start with a phase change (In the factory / Turning to …).

Words: 0 (about 50–70 words)

I covered stages 5–8 in order.
I included the temperature, the inputs and the outputs.
I used an ending linker for the last stage.

Exercise 9 – Your full essay

Press “Collect my paragraphs”, then edit them into one essay and compare with the model.

Words: 0 (minimum 150)

Model Answer 6.5

Write your own essay first, then compare. Highlighted = key collocations to learn.

🔒 The model answers are locked. Enter Password 2 from your teacher:

How Cheese Is Made

The Task

1How many stages? Name them.

Phase 1 – Turning milk into curds (Stages 1–4)

Phase 2 – Turning curds into cheese (Stages 5–8)

3Sentence Formulas

4Linkers – Sequencing Words & Transitions

Beginning

Next step

Ending

Joining

Beginning

Next step

Change of place / phase

Ending

Joining

Beginning

Next step

Time clauses

Inside a stage

Change of phase

Ending

Beginning

Time

Next step

Result phrases

Naming

Ending

5Translation Practice – Vietnamese → English

Band 4.5 – 8 sentences

Band 5.5 – 8 sentences

Band 6.5 – 8 sentences

Band 7.5 – 8 sentences

6Linker Practice

Part A – Band 4.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Part B – Translate with Band 4.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Part A – Band 5.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Part B – Translate with Band 5.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Part A – Band 6.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Part B – Translate with Band 6.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Part A – Band 7.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Part B – Translate with Band 7.5 linkers (5 sentences)

7Introduction – Paraphrasing the Task

8Overview

Band 4.5 formula

Band 5.5 formula

Band 6.5 formula

Band 7.5 formula

9Writing Practice

Exercise 1 – Match the paraphrase

Exercise 2 – Choose the best Overview

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 4.5)

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 4.5)

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 5.5)

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 5.5)

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 6.5)

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 6.5)

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 7.5)

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 7.5)

Write your essay – paragraph by paragraph

Exercise 5 – Introduction

Exercise 6 – Overview

Exercise 7 – Body 1 (Stages 1–4)

Exercise 8 – Body 2 (Stages 5–8)

Exercise 9 – Your full essay

Model Answer 6.5