Frog Life Cycle – STUDENT'S EDITION

The Task

The diagram below shows the life cycle of a frog.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

← swipe to see the whole diagram →

How to use this lesson: choose a band in the Band Standard bar (left; on a phone, at the top). Every step then shows sentences, exercises and the model for that band. Start at your current band, then try the next one up.

1How many stages? Name them.

The diagram has 6 stages. It is a natural process (a life cycle) shown as a cycle: eggs laid in water become tadpoles, then froglets and adult frogs, which return to the water to lay eggs.

Phase 1 – Early life in the water (Stages 1–3)

1
FrogspawnA female frog lays a mass of eggs (frogspawn) in water.
2
Tadpole hatchesA tadpole with a long tail hatches from each egg.
3
Tadpole with back legsThe tadpole grows back legs.

Phase 2 – Change into an adult frog (Stages 4–6)

4
FrogletFront legs grow and the tail becomes shorter – a froglet.
5
Adult frogThe tail disappears and the frog grows into an adult that lives on land and in water.
6
Return to the waterThe adult frog returns to the water to lay eggs.

The diagram does not label the phases. This lesson divides the cycle into early life in the water (stages 1–3) and the change into an adult frog (stages 4–6).

3Sentence Formulas

The structure behind each Band 6.5 sentence. Change the band on the left to see another level.

LinkerSubjectVerbObject / Place / ResultTime / Purpose

Stage	Band 4.5 formula
1 Frogspawn	First + adj + N + lays + a lot of + N + in + N
2 Tadpole hatches	Next + after about + time + adj + N + come out of + N
3 Tadpole with back legs	Then + at about + time + N + grows + adj + N
4 Froglet	In the second part + at about + time + it + gets + adj + N, and + its + N + becomes + adj
5 Adult frog	Next + N + goes away, and + N + lives + on + N, and after + time + it + is + N
6 Return to the water	Finally + adj + N + goes back to + N + to + V (purpose), and + the cycle + starts again

Stage	Band 5.5 formula
1 Frogspawn	To begin with + adj + N + lays + a large group of + N, called + N + in + N
2 Tadpole hatches	After about + time + N + hatch, and + adj + N + with + adj + N + swim + in + N
3 Tadpole with back legs	Next + when + S + is + age + N + develops + number + adj + N
4 Froglet	In the second stage + at about + time + it + grows + adj + N, and + its + N + gets + adj-er, so + it + becomes + N
5 Adult frog	After that + N + disappears, and + adj + N + moves onto + N, where + it + becomes + N + in + time
6 Return to the water	Finally + adj + N + returns to + N + to + V, so + the cycle + begins again

Stage	Band 6.5 formula
1 Frogspawn	The cycle begins when + adj + N + lays + a mass of + N, known as + N + in + N
2 Tadpole hatches	Following this + N + hatch + after about + time, and + adj + N + with + adj + N + emerge
3 Tadpole with back legs	Between X and Y + N + starts to develop + adj + N + while + it + is still living + in + N
4 Froglet	Turning to the second phase + by about + time + N + has + V3 + adj + N, and + its + N + has + V3, turning it into + N
5 Adult frog	Once + S + has + V3 + adj + N + leaves + N + and takes + time + to become + adj + N
6 Return to the water	In the final stage + adj + N + returns to + N + in order to + V + its own + N, and so + the cycle + repeats

Stage	Band 7.5 formula
1 Frogspawn	The cycle commences with + a mass of + N, or + N, + being + V3 + in + N
2 Tadpole hatches	Roughly + time + later + these + N + hatch into + adj + N, which + rely on + their + adj + N + to + V
3 Tadpole with back legs	At around + time + a pair of + adj + N + begins to form, although + N + remains + adverb + adj
4 Froglet	Turning to the second phase, by around + time, adj + N + have + V3, and + the + N + has largely been + V3, producing + N
5 Adult frog	Once + S + has + V3 + adverb + N + emerges onto + N, reaching + N + over the following + time
6 Return to the water	In the final stage + adj + N + returns to + N + to + V, thereby + V-ing + N + and + V-ing + N

4Linkers – Sequencing Words & Transitions

Use a different linker for each stage – never “Then … Then … Then”. These are the linkers for Band 6.5.

Beginning

First

Next step

Next
Then
After that

Ending

Finally

Joining

… and + V3 (are taken out and put …)
to + V (to make)

Beginning

To begin with
First of all

Next step

After that / After this
Next
Then

Change of place / phase

In the second stage, …
In the factory, …

Ending

Finally

Joining

…, and then …
… called + N

Beginning

The process begins when …
The process begins with + N

Next step

Following this
Subsequently
Next

Time clauses

Once + adj (Once dry, …)
After + N (After fermentation, …)

Inside a stage

…, where + clause
…, which + verb
… known as + N
…, a stage which lasts …

Change of phase

Turning to the … stage, …

Ending

In the final stage

Beginning

The process commences with + the + N of + N

Time

Once + V3 (Once extracted, …)
Following + N (Following roasting, …)

Next step

Subsequently
To complete the … phase, …

Result phrases

…, leaving only + N
…, producing + N
…, resulting in + N

Naming

… referred to as + N
… ranging from X to Y

Ending

In the final stage
… culminating in + N

5Translation Practice – Vietnamese → English

Translate each sentence into English. The word in ( ) is the key word you must use. Check the Tense note, write your answer, then press Show answer.

🔒 The answers in Step 5 are locked. Enter Password 1 from your teacher:

Band 4.5 – 6 sentences

1

Đầu tiên, ếch cái đẻ (lays) rất nhiều trứng trong nước.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động: lays

2

Tiếp theo, sau khoảng hai tuần, những con nòng nọc (tadpoles) nhỏ chui ra khỏi trứng.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động: come out

3

Sau đó, vào khoảng sáu đến chín tuần, nòng nọc mọc (grows) chân sau.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động: grows

4

Ở phần thứ hai, vào khoảng 12 tuần, nó có thêm chân trước và đuôi trở nên ngắn (short).

Hiện tại đơn chủ động: gets, becomes

5

Tiếp theo, đuôi biến mất và ếch sống trên cạn (on land), và sau hai đến ba năm nó trở thành ếch trưởng thành.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động

6

Cuối cùng, ếch trưởng thành quay lại (goes back) nước để đẻ trứng, và chu trình bắt đầu lại.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + to V (mục đích)

Band 5.5 – 6 sentences

1

Trước tiên, ếch cái đẻ một đám trứng lớn, gọi là (called) trứng ếch, trong ao.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + called + N

2

Sau khoảng hai tuần, trứng nở (hatch) và những con nòng nọc nhỏ có đuôi dài bơi trong nước.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động: hatch, swim

3

Tiếp theo, khi khoảng sáu đến chín tuần tuổi, nòng nọc phát triển (develops) hai chân sau.

Mệnh đề when + Hiện tại đơn chủ động

4

Ở giai đoạn thứ hai, vào khoảng 12 tuần, nó mọc chân trước và đuôi ngắn lại, nên (so) nó trở thành ếch non.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + so (kết quả)

5

Sau đó, đuôi biến mất (disappears) và ếch non lên cạn, nơi nó trưởng thành sau hai đến ba năm.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + mệnh đề where

6

Cuối cùng, ếch trưởng thành quay về (returns) ao để đẻ trứng, vì vậy chu trình bắt đầu lại.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + so (kết quả)

Band 6.5 – 6 sentences

1

Chu trình bắt đầu khi ếch cái đẻ một khối trứng, được gọi là (known as) trứng ếch, trong ao.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + mệnh đề when + known as

2

Tiếp theo đó, trứng nở sau khoảng hai tuần, và những con nòng nọc nhỏ có đuôi dài xuất hiện (emerge).

Hiện tại đơn chủ động (2 vế)

3

Từ tuần thứ sáu đến thứ chín, nòng nọc bắt đầu phát triển chân sau trong khi (while) nó vẫn sống dưới nước.

Hiện tại đơn + while + Hiện tại tiếp diễn

4

Chuyển sang giai đoạn thứ hai, đến khoảng 12 tuần, nòng nọc đã mọc chân trước và đuôi đã teo lại (shrunk), biến nó thành ếch non.

By + mốc thời gian + Hiện tại hoàn thành

5

Một khi đuôi đã biến mất, ếch non rời khỏi nước và mất (takes) hai đến ba năm để trở thành ếch trưởng thành.

Once + Hiện tại hoàn thành + Hiện tại đơn

6

Ở giai đoạn cuối, ếch trưởng thành quay về ao để đẻ trứng của chính nó, và do đó chu trình lặp lại (repeats).

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + in order to + and so

Band 7.5 – 6 sentences

1

Chu trình bắt đầu với việc một khối trứng, hay trứng ếch, được đẻ (being laid) trong ao.

commences with + N + being + V3 (danh động từ bị động)

2

Khoảng hai tuần sau, những quả trứng này nở thành nòng nọc nhỏ, chúng dựa vào (rely on) chiếc đuôi dài để bơi.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + mệnh đề which

3

Vào khoảng sáu đến chín tuần, một cặp chân sau bắt đầu hình thành, mặc dù (although) nòng nọc vẫn hoàn toàn sống dưới nước.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + although

4

Chuyển sang giai đoạn thứ hai, đến khoảng mười hai tuần, chân trước đã xuất hiện và đuôi phần lớn đã được hấp thụ (absorbed), tạo thành ếch non.

Hiện tại hoàn thành (chủ động + bị động) + V-ing chỉ kết quả

5

Một khi đuôi đã hoàn toàn biến mất, con ếch lên cạn, đạt độ trưởng thành (maturity) trong hai đến ba năm sau đó.

Once + Hiện tại hoàn thành + V-ing chỉ kết quả

6

Ở giai đoạn cuối, ếch trưởng thành quay về nước để sinh sản (breed), qua đó tạo ra trứng ếch mới và hoàn thành chu trình.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + to V + thereby V-ing

6Linker Practice

Part A: drag (or tap) the linkers into the gaps. Part B: translate using the linker in ( ).

Part A – Band 4.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Computer: drag a linker into a gap. Phone: tap a linker, then tap a gap. Tap a filled gap to empty it.

, a female frog lays a lot of eggs.
The frog lays the eggs the water.
, small tadpoles come out of the eggs.
The tadpoles come out about two weeks.
, the tadpole grows back legs.
the second part, it gets front legs.
The frog lives on land, after two to three years it is an adult.
, the adult frog goes back to the water.

Part B – Translate with Band 4.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Use the linker in ( ) and follow the Tense note.

1

Đầu tiên (First), ếch cái đẻ trứng trong nước.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động

First, a female frog lays eggs in the water.

2

Tiếp theo (Next), nòng nọc chui ra khỏi trứng.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động

Next, tadpoles come out of the eggs.

3

Sau đó (Then), nòng nọc mọc chân sau.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động

Then, the tadpole grows back legs.

4

Sau đó (After that), đuôi biến mất.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động

After that, the tail goes away.

5

Cuối cùng (Finally), ếch trưởng thành quay lại nước.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động

Finally, the adult frog goes back to the water.

Part A – Band 5.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Computer: drag a linker into a gap. Phone: tap a linker, then tap a gap. Tap a filled gap to empty it.

, a female frog lays a large group of eggs.
The eggs are frogspawn.
about two weeks, the eggs hatch.
it is six to nine weeks old, the tadpole develops back legs.
the second stage, it grows front legs.
Its tail gets shorter, it becomes a froglet.
The young frog moves onto land, it becomes an adult.
, the adult frog returns to the pond.

Part B – Translate with Band 5.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Use the linker in ( ) and follow the Tense note.

1

Trước tiên (To begin with), ếch cái đẻ trứng trong ao.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động

To begin with, a female frog lays eggs in a pond.

2

Những quả trứng này được gọi là (called) trứng ếch.

Hiện tại đơn bị động

These eggs are called frogspawn.

3

Khi (When) khoảng sáu tuần tuổi, nòng nọc mọc chân sau.

Mệnh đề when + Hiện tại đơn

When it is about six weeks old, the tadpole grows back legs.

4

Ở giai đoạn thứ hai (In the second stage), nó mọc chân trước.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động

In the second stage, it grows front legs.

5

Đuôi ngắn lại, nên (so) nó trở thành ếch non.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + so

Its tail gets shorter, so it becomes a froglet.

Part A – Band 6.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Computer: drag a linker into a gap. Phone: tap a linker, then tap a gap. Tap a filled gap to empty it.

The cycle begins a female frog lays a mass of eggs.
The eggs are as frogspawn.
this, the eggs hatch after about two weeks.
The tadpole develops back legs it is still living in the water.
the second phase, the tadpole has grown front legs.
the tail has disappeared, the frog leaves the water.
The frog returns to the pond order to lay eggs.
, the adult frog returns to the pond.

Part B – Translate with Band 6.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Use the linker in ( ) and follow the Tense note.

1

Chu trình bắt đầu khi (when) ếch cái đẻ một khối trứng.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + mệnh đề when

The cycle begins when a female frog lays a mass of eggs.

2

Nòng nọc mọc chân sau trong khi (while) vẫn sống dưới nước.

Hiện tại đơn + while + Hiện tại tiếp diễn

The tadpole grows back legs while it is still living in the water.

3

Chuyển sang (Turning to) giai đoạn thứ hai, nòng nọc mọc chân trước.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động

Turning to the second phase, the tadpole grows front legs.

4

Một khi (Once) đuôi đã biến mất, ếch non rời khỏi nước.

Once + Hiện tại hoàn thành + Hiện tại đơn

Once the tail has disappeared, the young frog leaves the water.

5

Ếch trưởng thành quay về ao để (in order to) đẻ trứng.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + in order to V

The adult frog returns to the pond in order to lay eggs.

Part A – Band 7.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Computer: drag a linker into a gap. Phone: tap a linker, then tap a gap. Tap a filled gap to empty it.

The cycle commences a mass of eggs being laid in a pond.
two weeks later, these eggs hatch into tiny tadpoles.
The tadpoles on their long tails to swim.
Back legs begin to form, the tadpole remains aquatic.
The tail has largely been absorbed, a froglet.
The frog emerges onto land, maturity over two to three years.
The mature frog returns to the water to .
The frog produces new frogspawn, completing the cycle.

Part B – Translate with Band 7.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Use the linker in ( ) and follow the Tense note.

1

Chu trình bắt đầu với (commences with) việc trứng ếch được đẻ trong ao.

commences with + N + being + V3

The cycle commences with frogspawn being laid in a pond.

2

Khoảng hai tuần sau (Roughly two weeks later), trứng nở thành nòng nọc.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động

Roughly two weeks later, the eggs hatch into tadpoles.

3

Chân sau hình thành, mặc dù (although) nòng nọc vẫn sống dưới nước.

Hiện tại đơn + although

Back legs form, although the tadpole remains aquatic.

4

Đuôi được hấp thụ, tạo ra (producing) một con ếch non.

Hiện tại hoàn thành bị động + V-ing chỉ kết quả

The tail has been absorbed, producing a froglet.

5

Ếch trưởng thành quay về nước để sinh sản, qua đó (thereby) hoàn thành chu trình.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động + thereby V-ing

The mature frog returns to the water to breed, thereby completing the cycle.

7Introduction – Paraphrasing the Task

Paraphrase the task sentence. The column of your band is highlighted.

Task words	Band 4.5	Band 5.5	Band 6.5	Band 7.5
The diagram below shows	The diagram shows	The diagram illustrates	The diagram illustrates	The given diagram depicts
the life cycle	the life cycle	the stages in the life	the different stages in the life	the successive stages in the life cycle
of a frog	of a frog	of a frog, from egg to adult	of a frog, from the laying of eggs to adulthood	of a frog, tracing its development from frogspawn to a mature adult

Tip: “frog” must be kept; “frogspawn”, “tadpole” and “froglet” are technical words – use them and explain them if needed.

Sample Introduction – Band 4.5

The diagram shows the life cycle of a frog, from small eggs in the water to an adult frog.

Band 4.5: copies the task words and adds a simple from … to … phrase.

Sample Introduction – Band 5.5

The diagram illustrates the stages in the life of a frog, from egg to adult.

Band 5.5: a common reporting verb (illustrates), a simple noun phrase (the stages in the life) and a short range (from egg to adult).

Sample Introduction – Band 6.5

The diagram illustrates the different stages in the life of a frog, from the laying of eggs to adulthood.

Band 6.5: a clear noun phrase and nominalisation (the laying of eggs, adulthood).

Sample Introduction – Band 7.5

The given diagram depicts the successive stages in the life cycle of a frog, tracing its development from frogspawn to a mature adult.

Band 7.5: precise verb (depicts), an academic noun phrase and a participle clause (tracing its development from … to …) using the technical word frogspawn.

Template for students

The diagram shows / illustrates / depicts the life cycle / the stages in the life of a frog, from the laying of eggs / frogspawn to an adult frog.

8Overview

An overview gives the number of stages and the start and end; higher bands add the two main phases in more precise language. No details (no “2 weeks”, “6–9 weeks”, “12 weeks”, “2–3 years” or body-part details).

Band 4.5 formula

Overall, there are number steps in this process. It starts with V-ing / N and finishes with V-ing / N.

Example – Band 4.5

Overall, there are six steps in this life cycle. It starts with eggs in the water and finishes with an adult frog going back to the water, so it is a cycle.

Why Band 4.5: Two short simple sentences, basic words (steps, starts, finishes), no phases.

Band 5.5 formula

Overall, there are number stages in the process. The first number stages happen place / phase A, and the last number happen place / phase B. The process begins with V-ing and ends with the + N of + N.

Example – Band 5.5

Overall, there are six stages in the life cycle. The first three stages happen in the water, and the last three show the change into an adult frog. The cycle begins with eggs being laid in a pond and ends with adult frogs returning there to lay eggs, so it is a cyclical process.

Why Band 5.5: Names the two parts in simple words; begins with … ends with …; no numbers or details.

Band 6.5 formula

Overall, there are number stages in the process, which can be divided into two main phases: A and B. The process begins with the + N of + N and ends with the + N of + N.

Example – Band 6.5

Overall, there are six stages in the life cycle, which can be divided into two main phases: early life in the water and the change into an adult frog. The cycle begins with the laying of eggs in a pond and ends with adult frogs returning there to breed, so it is a cyclical process.

Why Band 6.5: A which-clause divides the stages into two phases; nominal phrases (the harvesting of, the production of).

Band 7.5 formula

Overall, the process comprises number + distinct stages, which fall into two main phases – A and B – commencing with the + N of + N and culminating in the + N of + N.

Example – Band 7.5

Overall, the life cycle comprises six distinct stages, which fall into two main phases – early aquatic development and the transformation into an adult frog – commencing with the laying of frogspawn and culminating in the return of mature frogs to the water to breed, from where the cycle repeats.

Why Band 7.5: comprises · distinct · fall into · dashes for the phases · commencing with … culminating in … in ONE sentence.

9Writing Practice

Essay plan: Introduction → Overview → Body 1: Stages 1–3 (Early life in the water) → Body 2: Stages 4–6 (Change into an adult frog). Your writing is saved on this device.

Exercise 1 – Match the paraphrase

Choose the best synonym for each word from the task.

shows →
life cycle →
frog eggs →
young frog →
below →

Exercise 2 – Choose the best Overview

Which sentence is a good overview?

A. Overall, the eggs hatch after two weeks, and the froglet appears at about 12 weeks.B. Overall, the life cycle has six stages in two phases, from eggs laid in water to adult frogs returning there to breed, so it is a cycle.C. Overall, frogs are useful animals because they eat insects.

Why? A gives times – these belong in the Body. C is an opinion and adds information that is not in the diagram. B gives the number of stages, the two phases, the start and end, and says it is cyclical.

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 4.5)

Type ONE word in each gap. Look at the diagram for the details.

First, a female frog a lot of eggs in the water. Next, after about two , small come out of the eggs. They have long and swim in the water. Then, at about six to nine weeks, the tadpole grows back .

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 4.5)

Choose 1–3 for each sentence.

Next, the tail goes away and the frog lives on land, and after two to three years it is an adult.

Finally, the adult frog goes back to the water to lay eggs, and the cycle starts again.

In the second part, at about 12 weeks, it gets front legs and its tail becomes short.

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 5.5)

Type ONE word in each gap. Look at the diagram for the details.

To begin with, a female frog lays a large group of eggs, called , in a pond. After about two weeks, the eggs and tiny tadpoles with long swim in the water. Next, when it is about six to nine weeks old, the tadpole two legs.

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 5.5)

Choose 1–3 for each sentence.

In the second stage, at about 12 weeks, it grows front legs and its tail gets shorter, so it becomes a froglet.

Finally, the adult frog returns to the pond to lay eggs, so the cycle begins again.

After that, the tail disappears and the young frog moves onto land, where it becomes an adult in two to three years.

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 6.5)

Type ONE word in each gap. Look at the diagram for the details.

The cycle begins a female frog lays a mass of eggs, known as frogspawn, in a pond. Following this, the eggs after about two weeks, and tiny tadpoles with long tails . Between six and nine weeks, the tadpole starts to develop back legs it is still living in the .

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 6.5)

Choose 1–3 for each sentence.

In the final stage, the adult frog returns to the pond in order to lay its own eggs, and so the cycle repeats.

Turning to the second phase, by about 12 weeks the tadpole has grown front legs and its tail has shrunk, turning it into a froglet.

Once the tail has disappeared, the young frog leaves the water and takes two to three years to become a fully grown adult.

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 7.5)

Type ONE word in each gap. Look at the diagram for the details.

The cycle commences with a mass of eggs, or , being laid in a pond. Roughly two weeks later, these eggs into tiny tadpoles, which on their long tails to swim. At around six to nine weeks, a pair of back legs begins to , the tadpole remains entirely aquatic.

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 7.5)

Choose 1–3 for each sentence.

Once the tail has disappeared completely, the frog emerges onto land, reaching maturity over the following two to three years.

In the final stage, the mature frog returns to the water to breed, thereby producing new frogspawn and completing the cycle.

Turning to the second phase, by around twelve weeks, front legs have appeared and the tail has largely been absorbed, producing a froglet.

Write your essay – paragraph by paragraph

Use the Band 6.5 formulas, linkers and samples from Steps 3–8. Check the Band Standard on the left before you write.

Exercise 5 – Introduction

One sentence. Paraphrase the task (Step 7).

Words: 0 (about 20–30 words)

I changed the reporting verb and at least two task words.
I kept the technical words (cocoa pods, liquid chocolate).
One sentence, no numbers.

Exercise 6 – Overview

Use the formula for your band (Step 8).

Words: 0 (about 25–45 words)

I started with “Overall,”.
I gave the number of stages (and the two phases for Band 6.5+).
I named the first and last stage – no numbers or details.

Exercise 7 – Body 1 (Stages 1–3)

Write the stages in order with a different linker for each.

Words: 0 (about 55–75 words)

I covered stages 1–3 in order.
I used the passive (be + V3) correctly.
I included the times and details from the diagram.
My linkers match my band (Step 4).

Exercise 8 – Body 2 (Stages 4–6)

Start with a phase change (In the factory / Turning to …).

Words: 0 (about 50–70 words)

I covered stages 4–6 in order.
I included the temperature, the inputs and the outputs.
I used an ending linker for the last stage.

Exercise 9 – Your full essay

Press “Collect my paragraphs”, then edit them into one essay and compare with the model.

Words: 0 (minimum 150)

Model Answer 6.5

Write your own essay first, then compare. Highlighted = key collocations to learn.

🔒 The model answers are locked. Enter Password 2 from your teacher:

The Life Cycle of a Frog

The Task

1How many stages? Name them.

Phase 1 – Early life in the water (Stages 1–3)

Phase 2 – Change into an adult frog (Stages 4–6)

3Sentence Formulas

4Linkers – Sequencing Words & Transitions

Beginning

Next step

Ending

Joining

Beginning

Next step

Change of place / phase

Ending

Joining

Beginning

Next step

Time clauses

Inside a stage

Change of phase

Ending

Beginning

Time

Next step

Result phrases

Naming

Ending

5Translation Practice – Vietnamese → English

Band 4.5 – 6 sentences

Band 5.5 – 6 sentences

Band 6.5 – 6 sentences

Band 7.5 – 6 sentences

6Linker Practice

Part A – Band 4.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Part B – Translate with Band 4.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Part A – Band 5.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Part B – Translate with Band 5.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Part A – Band 6.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Part B – Translate with Band 6.5 linkers (5 sentences)

Part A – Band 7.5 linkers (8 sentences)

Part B – Translate with Band 7.5 linkers (5 sentences)

7Introduction – Paraphrasing the Task

8Overview

Band 4.5 formula

Band 5.5 formula

Band 6.5 formula

Band 7.5 formula

9Writing Practice

Exercise 1 – Match the paraphrase

Exercise 2 – Choose the best Overview

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 4.5)

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 4.5)

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 5.5)

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 5.5)

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 6.5)

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 6.5)

Exercise 3 – Complete Body 1 (Band 7.5)

Exercise 4 – Put Body 2 in order (Band 7.5)

Write your essay – paragraph by paragraph

Exercise 5 – Introduction

Exercise 6 – Overview

Exercise 7 – Body 1 (Stages 1–3)

Exercise 8 – Body 2 (Stages 4–6)

Exercise 9 – Your full essay

Model Answer 6.5